By Ben Sales

TEL AVIV (JTA) – Israel’s diplomatic battles have spread to the soccer field. As the Ledger went to press, the body that governs world soccer, FIFA, was gearing up for a May 29 vote on whether to suspend Israel from international play. FIFA’s 209-member countries will vote on a motion introduced by the Palestinian Football Association (PFA), which is calling for the suspension on claims that Israel is hindering Palestinian soccer and breaking international law.

Here’s what the Palestinians want, how Israel is fighting back, and how this could all shake out.

• Palestinians want freedom of movement for soccer players and to shut down settlement teams.

The PFA says Israel is blocking its players from getting to games. Israeli security forces have blocked players and coaches from traveling to international matches, and haven’t allowed players to go between the West Bank and Gaza.

Israel, said Susan Shalabi, director of the PFA’s international dept., also is preventing the Palestinian Authority (PA) from building soccer facilities. Since 2009, she said, Israel has prevented construction materials for a soccer field from entering the Gaza Strip town of Beit Lahiya.

The PFA also claims that Israeli settlements’ soccer teams should not be allowed to play in Israel’s league, saying they are located in Palestinian territory. Five such teams compete.

• If the Palestinian motion passes, Israel would be barred from international soccer.

When the Palestinian motion comes up for a FIFA vote, it will need a three-quarters majority to pass. And if it does, Israel’s individual soccer teams and its national team will be barred from playing official matches with teams from other countries. Soccer is Israel’s most popular sport, and though Israel qualified for a World Cup tournament only once, in 1970, Israeli soccer teams frequently travel abroad for matches. Coming amid growing economic, academic and cultural boycott efforts against Israel, expulsion from international competition in the world’s most popular sport would be a sharp blow for everyday Israelis.

• Israel is pushing back by lobbying foreign governments and citing security threats.

Israel’s Foreign Ministry has been lobbying governments to oppose the motion on the grounds that it’s a political dispute unrelated to soccer. Shlomi Barzel, the Israeli Soccer Association’s head of communications, told JTA that “Even the biggest Israel-hater in the world understands this has a political basis; it’s not relevant.”

Barzel said the Palestinians’ complaints all concerned Israel’s security forces, not its soccer teams. He claimed that only one percent of all Palestinian soccer players are denied travel. When Israel denies exit, he said, it’s because the player in question is known to present a security risk.

Regarding settlement teams, Barzel said that as long as Israel considers the settlements its sovereign territory, the teams will be allowed to play in Israeli leagues.

In 2013, Netanyahu met with FIFA President Sepp Blatter to provide photographic evidence that Israel said shows Palestinian terror groups using soccer fields to launch rockets at Israel.

• This isn’t the first time the two sides have clashed over soccer.

In 2012, the head of the Palestinian Olympic delegation voiced similar complaints to JTA about freedom of movement. Two years ago, Blatter convened a meeting of the heads of the Israeli and Palestinian soccer associations and created a task force to resolve the issue. The talks led to a 2013 FIFA proposal mandating that the PFA notify Palestinian and Israeli authorities of player movement 35 days in advance of travel, and then be given two more weeks to change their player list. But the proposal has failed to resolve the dispute.

In 2014, Rajoub threatened to put forth a motion to suspend Israel at that year’s FIFA Congress in Sao Paolo, Brazil. But he backed off after FIFA resolved to continue working toward a resolution, appointing Cypriot soccer chief Costakis Koutsokoumnis to oversee the issue.

Shalabi said the Palestinians would withdraw the motion only if Israel meets the PFA’s demands.

Barzel said Israel wants to continue negotiating within FIFA’s framework. He added that Israel has repeatedly proposed a match between the Israeli and Palestinian national teams because Israel believes “soccer can connect people.”

• FIFA President Sepp Blatter wants to strike a deal to prevent the vote.

As the Ledger went to press, Blatter was scheduled to visit Israel and the PA to meet with Netanyahu and PA President Mahmoud Abbas separately in hopes of finding a resolution.

Blatter opposes Israel’s suspension and, like Israel, supports continuing negotiations. But he also wrote in the May 15 issue of the FIFA Weekly magazine that Israel must make concessions to the Palestinians.

Barzel thinks Blatter’s efforts will succeed, but Shalabi said she was “pessimistic.”